Restricted zones in Europe compared ZTL, ZFE, LEZ, Umweltzone, ULEZ and vignette

An Italian ZTL decides who passes the gate, and at what time. A French ZFE or a German Umweltzone classifies the car with a sticker. A Belgian LEZ registers the plate and, depending on the city, charges a pass. The Swiss vignette pays for the motorway, not for central Geneva.

None of these rules opens a pedestrian street. The sign on the spot has the last word.

Italy: the permit, the ticket, or the plate given to the hotel if it is inside the zone. In Naples, there is no tourist ticket. In Milan, €7.50 does not cover a banned car.

France: the Crit'Air sticker, ordered on certificat-air.gouv.fr. In Lyon, Crit'Air 3 and worse have been banned day and night since 1 January 2025. In Paris, no fine at least until 31 December 2026.

Germany: the green sticker, including for a foreign plate. In Munich, a Euro 4 diesel does not enter, until further notice, even with that sticker.

Belgium: register the plate. In Antwerp and in Ghent, a Dutch plate is not registered. In Brussels, a Euro 5 diesel has been outside the criteria since 1 January 2026.

Switzerland: the CHF 40 vignette before the motorway. It is valid from 1 December of the previous year until 31 January of the following year. The e-vignette follows the plate, the stuck-on vignette follows the vehicle. Stick'AIR, in Geneva, only during a peak.

Italy, Belgium, English Clean Air Zones: the camera reads the plate. Germany: the sticker is on the windscreen, and the plate can be checked too. Switzerland: the e-vignette is linked to the plate.

Outside London, an English Clean Air Zone is paid on gov.uk, by 23:59 on the sixth day at the latest. Cars pay only in Birmingham and in Bristol.

Italy: look at the gate and tell the hotel if it is inside the ZTL. France: order Crit'Air if the city already requires it. Germany: fit the green sticker before you enter or park.

Belgium: register the plate before entry in Ghent, and by the next day at the latest in Antwerp. Switzerland: buy the CHF 40 before the motorway, and check whether Geneva has a peak. London: open TfL for the ULEZ and pay the amount shown.

Amanda has zone data for Italian ZTL, the Paris Centre ZTL, Ghent's car-free zones and French ZFE perimeters. For other places it announces speed cameras for free, about 30 seconds ahead (danger zones in France), and with Premium shows parking near your destination. Speed camera alerts are off in Germany, Switzerland, Belgium and Luxembourg. Road signs always come first.